Answers / Financial Due Diligence

How do you evaluate inventory provisioning for slow-moving and obsolete stock in a target?

A core Financial Due Diligence interview question — asked in analyst and associate interviews across IB, PE, and the Big 4.

THE SHORT ANSWER

You analyze inventory by ageing and turnover: how long stock has been held, days-inventory-on-hand by SKU/category, and the proportion that is slow-moving or hasn't moved at all. Compare that profile to the provision policy and historical write-offs. Red flags for under-provisioning: a rising stock balance outpacing sales (potential build-up of unsellable goods), large quantities aged well beyond normal cycle, products that are superseded/discontinued or near expiry, and a provision that's shrinking as a percentage while ageing deteriorates. You'd also check the valuation basis (lower of cost and net realizable value — is NRV actually being applied to old stock?), recent selling prices versus carrying cost, and whether write-offs spike just after the buyer would take over. Why it matters: over-valued inventory inflates both profit (lower COGS) and net assets/working capital, and feeds the NWC peg — so it's a QoE adjustment and a working-capital normalization issue, and persistent obsolescence is a sign of weaker demand or poor inventory management.

WHAT INTERVIEWERS LISTEN FOR

  • Age inventory; days-on-hand and slow-moving/non-moving proportion by SKU
  • Compare to provision policy and historical write-offs
  • Check NRV vs cost on old stock; rising inventory vs sales
  • Over-valued stock inflates profit and NWC peg — QoE/working-capital issue

COMMON MISTAKES

  • Not ageing inventory or testing NRV
  • Ignoring inventory build-up vs sales trend
  • Missing the NWC-peg impact of over-valued stock

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