How do you handle late submissions from subsidiaries in the group close?

Manage it as both an escalation and a prevention problem. In the moment, escalate progressively: automated reminder at the deadline, a direct call to the sub-controller, then escalation to the local CFO, and if data still isn't in, protect the close by posting a best-estimate accrual based on prior periods/run-rate and a flash forecast, clearly flagged for true-up. The materiality of the entity drives how hard you push and whether an estimate is acceptable. Prevention is the durable fix: build buffers into the closing calendar, communicate deadlines well ahead, track submission timeliness as a KPI with visibility to senior management, address root causes (resourcing, system issues, unclear requirements) for repeat offenders, and consider a 'soft close' pre-submission. The principle is never let one late entity hold the whole group close hostage — estimate, flag, and fix the process.